And |
Zhang, Z. et al. (4 authors) 2000, IBVS 4935.
(1a) BV photometry. |
Z And |
2000, IAU Circ. 7489. (1v) First outburst since 1997. |
BV And |
Liu, W., Hu, J.Y. 2000, ApJS 128, 387. (1bo)
Confirmation as CV. |
FN And |
Liu, W., Hu, J.Y. 2000, ApJS 128, 387. (1bo)
Confirmation as CV. |
PX And |
Littlefair, S.P. et al. (4 authors) 2000, MNRAS 313,
117. (1bi, 2ag) J-band spectroscopy of CV. |
UU Aqr |
Baptista, R. et al. (4 authors) 2000, MNRAS 314, 713.
(1abo, 2efg) Eclipse mapping techniques, AD structure of
nova-like EB. |
VY Aqr |
Littlefair, S.P. et al. (4 authors) 2000, MNRAS 313,
117. (1bi, 2ag) J-band spectroscopy of CV. |
AE Aqr |
Choi, C-S., Yi, I. 2000, ApJ 538, 862. (6) Model for
binary pulsar. |
|
Ikhsanov, N.R. 2000, A&A 358, 201. (2g, 5) Signs
of a dead disk in CV. |
HS Aqr |
Popper, D.M. 2000, AJ 119, 2391. (1b, 2a) |
HV Aqr |
Molík, P., Wolf, M. 2000, IBVS 4951.
(1af, 2c) Improved orbital period. |
CI Aql |
2000, IAU Circ. 7409. (1p, 1b) Proposed identification with
CI Aql. |
(Nova Aql 1917) |
2000, IAU Circ. 7411. (1a, 1b) Accurate position. |
|
2000, IAU Circ. 7417. (1p) Pre-discovery fields. |
|
2000, IAU Circ. 7426. (1b, 1a) Agreement on identification
with CI Aql. |
|
2000, IAU Circ. 7436. (1a) |
|
2000, IAU Circ. 7444. (1a) |
|
2000, IAU Circ. 7482. (1v) |
|
2000, IAU Circ. 7490. (1c) Nova not yet in coronal phase. |
|
Armsdorfer, B., Schmeja, S., Kimeswenger, S. 2000,
AG Abstr. Ser. 17, 62. (1aib) New outburst of Nova Aql 1917. |
V1101 Aql |
Downes, R.A. 2000, PASP 112, 1212. (1o) Possible
circumbinary nebula appears to be stellar. |
V1333 Aql |
2000, IAU Circ. 7405. (7b) |
(Aql X-1) |
2000, IAU Circ. 7423. (1a) New optical outburst. |
|
2000, IAU Circ. 7429. (1a) Outburst did not develop. |
V1430 Aql |
Popper, D.M. 2000, AJ 119, 2391. (1b, 2a) |
V1432 Aql |
Friedrich, S. et al. (6 authors) 2000, AG Abstr.
Ser. 17, 82. (1b, 2g) Doppler mapping of asynchronous
polar system. |
V1493 Aql |
2000, IAU Circ. 7443. (1a) Modulated light curve. |
|
Bonifacio P., Selvelli P.L., Caffau, E. 2000, A&A
356, L53. (1a, 2e) Light curve of CV. |
V1494 Aql |
2000, IAU Circ. 7448. (1a) Sinusoidal variations. |
V824 Ara |
Strassmeier, K.G., Rice, J.B. 2000, A&A 360, 1019.
(1b, 2abe) Doppler imaging of active binary. |
SS Ari |
Liu, Q., Yang, Y. 2000, A&A 361, 226. (2g, 5) Energy
transfer and evolution of W UMa-type binary. |
UX Ari |
Duemmler, R., Aarum, V. 2000, AG Abstr. Ser. 17, 59.
(1b, 2a) Analysis of RS CVn star with possible third
component. |
UY Aur |
Potter, D.E. et al. (6 authors) 2000, ApJ 540, 422.
(1id) High-resolution polarimetry map of circumbinary disk. |
BF Aur |
Qian, S.-B. et al. (4 authors) 2000, Acta Astron.
Sin. 41, 36. (2c) Changes of orbital period. |
HP Aur |
Popper, D.M. 2000, AJ 119, 2391. (1b, 2a) |
12 Boo |
Boden, A.F. , Creech-Eakman, M.J., Queloz, D. 2000,
ApJ 536, 880. (1be, 2a) Visual binary solution for 3
milli-arcsec binary. |
AQ Boo |
Blättler, E. 2000, IBVS 4871.
(1af, 2c) Revised elements. |
CR Boo |
El-Khoury, W., Wickramasinghe, D. 2000, A&A 358, 154.
(2g, 5) AD model for CV. |
|
Kato, T. et al. (5 authors) 2000, MNRAS 315, 140.
(1aov, 2cg) Helium-rich variable with 46.3 day supercycle;
quasi-periodic alternation of bright and faint
states. |
|
Kunze, S. 2000, AG Abstr. Ser. 17, 35. (2g, 5)
3D SPH simulation of superhumps in double degenerate
helium star binary. |
CV Boo |
Popper, D.M. 2000, AJ 119, 2391. (1b, 2a) |
BY Cam |
Friedrich, S. et al. (6 authors) 2000, AG Abstr.
Ser. 17, 82. (1b, 2g) Doppler mapping of asynchronous
polar system. |
CI Cam |
Orlandini, M. et al. (11 authors) 2000, A&A 356, 163.
(1ox, 2e) CV in quiescence. |
|
Parmar, A.N. et al. (6 authors) 2000, A&A 360, L31.
(1x, 2e) Unusual X-ray activity from CV. |
AM CVn |
El-Khoury, W., Wickramasinghe, D. 2000, A&A 358, 154.
(2g, 5) AD model for CV. |
|
Kunze, S. 2000, AG Abstr. Ser. 17, 35. (2g, 5)
3D SPH simulation of superhumps in double degenerate
helium star binary. |
RY CMi |
Berthold, Th., Kroll, P. 2000, IBVS 4874.
(1f, 2c) Variable period. |
SV CMi |
Liu, W., Hu, J.Y. 2000, ApJS 128, 387. (1bo)
Confirmation as CV. |
BC Cas |
Liu, W., Hu, J.Y. 2000, ApJS 128, 387. (1bo)
Confirmation as CV. |
BM Cas |
Antoniuk, K.A. 1999, OAP 11, 160. (1afp) |
FI Cas |
Liu, W., Hu, J.Y. 2000, ApJS 128, 387. (1bo)
Confirmation as CV. |
GX Cas |
Liu, W., Hu, J.Y. 2000, ApJS 128, 387. (1bo)
Confirmation as CV. |
KU Cas |
Liu, W., Hu, J.Y. 2000, ApJS 128, 387. (1bo)
Confirmation as CV. |
V452 Cas |
Liu, W., Hu, J.Y. 2000, ApJS 128, 387. (1bo)
Confirmation as CV. |
V523 Cas |
Elias, N.M., Koch, R.H. 2000, AJ 120, 1548. (1af, 2e) |
|
Lister, T.A., McDermid, R.M., Hilditch, R.W. 2000,
MNRAS 317, 111. (1aefo, 2abc) Photometric study based on V
and I CCD photometry. |
V615 Cas |
Zamanov R., Marti, J. 2000, A&A 358, L55. (1bor, 2e)
Correlation between compact object and circumstellar disk
in Be/X-ray binaries. |
V705 Cas |
Liu, W., Hu, J.Y. 2000, ApJS 128, 387. (1bo)
Confirmation as CV. |
V803 Cen |
Patterson, J.A. et al. (6 authors) 2000, PASP 112, 625.
(1a, 2g) |
VW Cep |
Pustylnik, I.B., Niarchos, P.G. 1999, OAP 12, 238.
(1af, 2e) |
XZ Cep |
Kondoh, M., Nakamura, Y. 2000, IBVS 4934.
(1d) Variation in polarization. |
EI Cep |
Torres, G. et al. (4 authors) 2000, AJ 119, 1942. (1b,
2ab) |
RZ Com |
Liu Q., Yang, Y. 2000, A&A 361, 226. (2g, 5) Energy
transfer and evolution of W UMa-type binary. |
V394 CrA |
Hachisu, I., Kato, M. 2000, ApJ 540, 447. (5) LC model
of recurrent nova. |
W Crv |
Rucinski, S.M., Lu, W. 2000, MNRAS 315, 587.
(1ab, 2abc) Spectroscopic and photometric study; the
shortest period Algol with non-degenerate components. |
CH Cyg |
Kotnik-Karuza, D., Jurdana-Sepic, R. 1999, New Astron.
Rev. 43, 487. (1b, 2e) Slow changes in quiescent state. |
CI Cyg |
Dmitrenko, E.S. 2000, Pis. AZh 26, 603. (1a, 2cg) |
EM Cyg |
North, R.C. et. al. (6 authors) 2000, MNRAS 313, 383.
(1ab, 2abg) Determination of mass ratio of dwarf nova. |
V1028 Cyg |
Baba, H. et al. (5 authors) 2000, PASJ 52, 429.
(1a, 3B) New SU UMa-type dwarf nova. |
V1073 Cyg |
Morris, S.L., Naftilan, S.A. 2000, PASP 112, 852. (1af,
2abc) |
V1329 Cyg |
Ikeda, Y., Tamura, S. 2000, PASJ 52, 589. (1b)
Radial velocities. |
V1334 Cyg |
Evans, N.R. 2000, AJ 119, 3050. (1bou, 2ab) Triple
system containing Cepheid. |
V1974 Cyg |
Casalegno, R. et al. (9 authors) 2000, A&A 361, 725.
(1b, 2e) The emission nebula associated with CV. |
TT Del |
Qian, S. 2000, AJ 119, 3064. (1f, 2c) Possible loss of
mass and angular momentum. |
HU Del |
Benedict, G.F. et al. (5 authors) 2000, AJ 120, 1106.
(1e, 2ab) |
AA Dor |
Rauch, T. 2000, A&A 356, 665. (1bou, 2bef)
NLTE spectral analysis of the sdOB primary of EB. |
AG Dra |
Tomov, N., Tomova, M. 2000, IBVS 4953. (1a) |
CM Dra |
Deeg, H.J. et al. (6 authors) 2000, A&A 358, L5.
(1f) A Jovian-mass planet around EB? |
DO Dra |
Simon, V. 2000, A&A 360, 627. (1v, 2e) Outburst
activity of IP. |
EX Dra |
Baptista, R., Catalan, M.S. 2000, ApJ 539, L55.
(1ar, 2a) Eclipse mapping techniques reveal spiral structure
of disk in dwarf nova. |
|
Baptista, R., Catalan, M.S., Costa, L. 2000, MNRAS
316, 529. (1a, 2abcg) Eclipse studies and modelling of
dwarf nova. |
|
Joergens, V., Spruit, H.C., Rutten, R.G.M. 2000,
A&A 356, L33. (1b, 2eg) Doppler mapping of CV. |
KL Dra |
2000, IAU Circ. 7382. Dwarf nova and not a SN (SN 1998di). |
YY Eri |
Karube, T. et al. (8 authors) 2000, IBVS 4948.
(1f, 2c) |
BC Eri |
Nagai, K., Kiyota, S. 2000, IBVS 4937.
(1af, 2c) |
CC Eri |
Amado, P.J. et al. (7 authors) 2000, A&A 359, 159.
(1abou, 2abce) Rotational modulation and flares on SB. |
UZ For |
Kube, J., Gänsicke, B.T., Beuermann, K. 2000, A&A
356, 490. (1c, 2g, 5) Fitting the LC of CV. |
DM Gem |
2000, IAU Circ. 7433. (1a) QPO's in known nova. |
89 Her |
Percy, J.R., Bakos, A.G., Henry, G.W. 2000, PASP 112,
840. (1aoi, 2c) Long period confirmed, possibly due to
binarity. |
AM Her |
Christian, D.J. 2000, AJ 119, 1930. (1acux, 2eg) |
|
Matt, G. et al. (8 authors) 2000, A&A 358, 177.
(1ox, 2eg) BeppoSAX observations of CV. |
|
Schreiber, M.R., Gänsicke, B.T., Hessman, F.V. 2000,
A&A 358, 221. (2g, 5) The response of dwarf nova disk to
real mass transfer variations. |
HZ Her |
Lutovinov, A.A., Grebenev, S.A. et al. (4 authors)
2000, Pis. AZh 26, |
(Her X-1) |
803. (1x, 2c) |
MM Her |
Tas, G. 2000, IBVS 4883. (1a, 2c) |
|
Tas, G. 2000, IBVS 4901. (1f, 2c) |
EX Hya |
Hellier, C. et al. (8 authors) 2000, MNRAS 313, 703.
(1aox, 2abg) Mass transfer events or disk instabilities
during 1998 outburst of IP. |
FG Hya |
Yang, Y., Liu, Q. 2000, A&AS 144, 457. (1a, 2ace)
Analysis of contact binary. |
SS Lac |
Torres, G., Stefanik, R.P. 2000, AJ 119, 1914. (1b,
2acd) Cessation of eclipses due to perturbation by third
component. |
AR Lac |
Frasca, A., Lanza, A.F. 2000, A&A 356, 267. (1b, 2c)
RVs as tool for period variation studies. |
|
Frasca, A. et al. (4 authors) 2000, A&A 358, 1007.
(1b, 2ae) Chromospheric emission and RVs of active binary. |
ST LMi |
Potter, S.B. 2000, MNRAS 314, 672. (1d, 2eg) Imaging
of polarimetric observations; mapping of emission regions
of AM Her system. |
VW LMi |
Dumitrescu, A. 2000, IBVS 4952. (1af, 2c) |
CD Lyn |
Baldwin, M.E. et al. (9 authors) 2000, IBVS 4911.
(1f, 2c) |
Lyr |
Harmanec, P. 1999, New Astron. Rev. 43, 491. (5) Change
of velocity amplitude proposed as direct test of mass transfer
theory. |
|
Kreiner, J.M., Pajdosz, G., Zola, S. 1999, New Astron.
Rev. 43, 499. (1f, 2c) 283-day periodicity confirmed in times
of primary minimum only. |
|
Umana, G. et al. (6 authors) 2000, A&A 358, 229.
(1r, 2e) Evidences for non-conservative mass-transfer
process. |
BO Mon |
Qian, S. 2000, AJ 119, 3064. (1f, 2c) Possible loss of
mass and angular momentum. |
GI Mon |
Liu, W., Hu, J.Y. 2000, ApJS 128, 387. (1bo)
Confirmation as CV. |
V578 Mon |
Hensberge, H., Pavlovski, K., Verschueren, W. 2000,
A&A 358, 553. (1ab, 2abce) Age and distance to NGC 2244
using a SB/EB member. |
TV Mus |
Liu, Q., Yang, Y. 2000, A&A 361, 226. (2g, 5) Energy
transfer and evolution of W UMa-type binary. |
RS Oph |
Hachisu, I., Kato, M. 2000, ApJ 536, L93. (5)
Thermonuclear runaway modelling of 1985 outburst. |
V442 Oph |
Hoard, D.W., Thorstensen, J.R., Szkody, P. 2000,
ApJ 537, 936. (1b, 2cg) P = 0.1243 days, in CV period gap. |
V2134 Oph |
Wachter, S., Smale, A.P., Bailyn, C. 2000, ApJ 534,
367. (1acox, 2c) Resumption of X-ray emission, first optical
LC. |
64 Ori |
Scarfe, C.D., Barlow, D.J., Fekel, F.C. 2000, AJ 119,
2415. (1b, 2ab) |
Ori |
Marchenko, S.V. et al. (21 authors) 2000, MNRAS 317,
333. (1abo, 2abd) Orbital and system parameters based on
spectroscopic and photometric observations. |
Ori A |
Stickland, D.J., Lloyd, C. 2000, Observatory
120, 141. (1bu, 2c) Review of binary properties. |
BM Ori |
Vasilevskii, A.S., Vitrichenko, E.A. 2000, Pis. AZh
26, 613, (1a, 2b) |
|
Vitrichenko, E.A., Plachinda, S.I. 2000, Pis. AZh 26,
456. (1bc, 2ef) |
V1016 Ori |
Bondar, N.I., Vitrichenko, E.A. et al. (3 authors)
2000, Pis. AZh 26, 525. (1af, 2a) |
V1355 Ori |
Strassmeier, K.G. 2000, A&A 357, 608. (1ab, 2abce)
Flaring of RS CVn binary. |
NP Pav |
Cerruti, M.A. 2000, IBVS 4956. (1af, 2c) |
V347 Pav |
Potter, S.B., Cropper, M., Hakala, P.J. 2000, MNRAS
315, 423. (1d, 2eg) Mapping of cyclotron emission regions
from polarimetric observations. |
VW Peg |
Achterberg, H., Frank, P., Husar, D. 2000, IBVS 4916.
(1af, 2cd) |
EF Peg |
Littlefair, S.P. et al. (4 authors) 2000, MNRAS 313,
117. (1bi, 2ag) J-band spectroscopy of CV. |
II Peg |
Rodono, M. et al. (5 authors) 2000, A&A 358, 624.
(1a, 2e) Twenty-five years of wide-band photometry. |
IM Peg |
Berdyugina, S.V. et al. (4 authors) 2000, A&A 360,
272. (1ab, 2e) First surface images of RS CVn star. |
IP Peg |
Morales-Rueda, L., Marsh, T.R., Billington, I. 2000,
MNRAS 313, 454. (1b, 2g) Spiral structure in dwarf nova. |
|
Baptista, R., Harlaftis, E.T., Steeghs, D. 2000,
MNRAS 314, 727. (1ao, 2g) Eclipse maps of AD in outburst. |
V357 Peg |
Yasarsoy, B., Sipahi, E., Keskin, V. 2000, IBVS 4866.
(1a) First photometric observations. |
Per |
De Cat, P. et al. (4 authors) 2000, A&A 359, 539.
(1ab, 2ae) Detailed analysis of SB. |
Per |
Stefl, S., Hummel, W., Rivinius, T. 2000, A&A 358, 208.
(1b, 2e) Circumstellar structure of Be shell star. |
AW Per |
Evans, N.R., Vinko, J., Wahlgren, G.M. 2000, AJ 120,
407. (1b, 2a) Companion possibly double. |
V336 Per |
Liu, W., Hu, J.Y. 2000, ApJS 128, 387. (1bo)
Confirmation as CV. |
V392 Per |
Liu, W., Hu, J.Y. 2000, ApJS 128, 387. (1bo)
Confirmation as CV. |
Y Psc |
Qian, S. 2000, AJ 119, 3064. (1f, 2c) Possible loss of
mass and angular momentum. |
V Sge |
Wood, J.H., Lockley, J.J. 2000, MNRAS 313, 789.
(1bu, 2aef) Orbital variations, colliding wind model. |
WZ Sge |
Littlefair, S.P. et al. (4 authors) 2000, MNRAS 313,
117. (1bi, 2ag) J-band spectroscopy of CV. |
V1223 Sgr |
Beardmore, A.P., Osborne, J.P., Hellier, C. 2000,
MNRAS 315, 307. (1bx, 2bfg) Modelling of multi-temperature
X-ray spectra. |
V4374 Sgr |
Allen, W.H. et al. (5 authors) 2000, Southern Stars
38, 223. (2b) Maculation. |
V4444 Sgr |
Kawabata, K.S. et al. (5 authors) 2000, ApJ 540, 429.
(1bd) Did a circumstellar cloud exist prior to nova event? |
V4633 Sgr |
2000, IAU Circ. 7491. (1c) Fading Nova. |
V4641 Sgr |
2000, IAU Circ. 7440. (1a, 2a, 2b) |
V4642 Sgr |
2000, IAU Circ. 7489. (1c, 1v) No thermal emission from gas. |
|
2000, IAU Circ. 7490. (1c) Strong coronal phase. |
U Sco |
Hachisu, I., et al (5 authors) 2000, ApJ 534, L189.
(2bg, 5) WD with AD; distance determined. |
VY Scl |
Martinez-Pias, I.G. et al. (4 authors) 2000, ApJ 538,
315. (1b, 2c) |
|
A hierarchical triple system? |
V463 Sct |
2000, IAU Circ. 7382. (1bp, 3b) |
(Nova Sct 2000) |
2000, IAU Circ. 7415. (1v) |
71 Tau |
Simon, T., Ayres, T.R. 2000, ApJ 539, 325. (1bu)
G-K type companion found in far UV, accounts for coronal
activity. |
GG Tau |
Silber, J. et al. (4 authors) 2000, ApJ 536, L89. (1di)
Imaging polarimetry of circumbinary disk. |
HV Tau |
Monin, J.-L., Bouvier, J. 2000, A&A 356, L75. (1i, 2g)
Imaging of circumstellar disk in triple system. |
V1080 Tau |
Simon, V. et al. (4 authors) 2000, A&A 360, 637.
(1a, 2ac) Orbital modulation in CB. |
RR Tel |
Hartman, H., Johansson, S. 2000, A&A 359, 627.
(1bu, 2e) Fluorescence lines of symbiotic star. |
TX Tri |
Liu, W., Hu, J.Y. 2000, ApJS 128, 387. (1bo)
Confirmation as CV. |
WY Tri |
Liu, W., Hu, J.Y. 2000, ApJS 128, 387. (1bo)
Confirmation as CV. |
SU UMa |
Rosenzweig, P. et al. (5 authors) 2000, PASP 112, 632.
(1a, 2g) |
TY UMa |
Lister, T.A., McDermid, R.M., Hilditch, R.W. 2000,
MNRAS 317, 111. (1aefo, 2abc) Photometric study based on V
and I CCD photometry. |
XY UMa |
Yeates, C.M. et al. (4 authors) 2000, IBVS 4943.
(1f, 3d) |
BC UMa |
2000, IAU Circ. 7393. (1v) Outburst of SU UMa-type CV. |
DW UMa |
Knigge, C. (5 authors) 2000, ApJ 539, L49. (1aob, 2ae)
Self-occulting AD model. |
EV UMa |
Katajainen, S. et al. (5 authors) 2000, A&A 357, 677.
(1ad, 2ceg, 3d) CV in high accretion state. |
HV UMa |
Csak, B. et al. (4 authors) 2000, A&A 356, 603.
(1ab, 2abc, 3b) A new early-type contact binary. |
Vel |
De Marco, O. et al. (7 authors) 2000, A&A 358, 187.
(1biou, 2abe) WR stellar parameters and the photon loss
mechanism. |
Vel |
Rauw, G. et al. (4 authors) 2000, MNRAS 316, 129.
(1bx, 2e) Hard X-ray emission from colliding wind
interaction. |
MR Vel |
Schmidtke, P.C. et al. (5 authors) 2000, AJ 120, 935.
(1ab, 2ag) |
V382 Vel |
2000, IAU Circ. 7384. (1v) |
QQ Vul |
Schwope, A.D. et al. (6 authors) 2000, MNRAS 313, 533.
(1abd, 2bcg) Doppler tomography and polarimetry of CV. |
--------------- |
HR, HD, HDE, BD, CoD, CPD, SAO Objects |
HR 7798 |
Griffin, R.F. 2000, Observatory 120, 261. (1b, 2a)
Orbital period 1124 d, e = 0.76. |
HR 8861 |
Adelman, S.J. 2000, A&A 357, 548. (1a, 2e) uvby
photometry of CP star. |
HD 5980 |
Niemela, V.S. Barbá, R.H., Morrell, N.I. 1999, New
Astron. Rev. 43, 475. (1b, 2e) Spectral-type change after
outburst. |
HD 6628 |
Watson, L.C. et al. (5 authors) 2000, MNRAS 315, 69.
(1ab, 2ab) Chromospherically active single-line SB. |
HD 21484 |
Griffin, R.F. 2000, Observatory 120, 137. (1b, 2a) |
HD 61396 |
Padmakar et al. (4 authors) 2000, MNRAS 314, 733.
(1aborx, 2ce) |
|
A probable new RS CVn-type binary. |
HD 93403 |
Rauw, G. et al. (6 authors) 2000, A&A 360, 1003.
(1b, 2ae) New orbital solution for massive binary. |
HD 98800 |
Koerner, D.W. et al (5 authors) 2000, ApJ 533, L37.
(1i, 2g) Suggest circumbinary disk. |
HD 109648 |
Jha, S. et al. (5 authors) 2000, MNRAS 317, 375.
(1b, 2ac) Triple system. |
HD 146117 |
Griffin, R.F. 2000, Observatory 120, 188. (1b, 2a) |
HD 155826 |
2000, IAU Circ. 7465. (1i) Probable close companion
protostar. |
HD 195850 |
Carquillat, J.M., Ginestet, N. 2000, A&AS 144, 317.
(1b, 2ab) Orbital elements of SB. |
HD 201193 |
Carquillat, J.M., Ginestet, N. 2000, A&AS 144, 317.
(1b, 2ab) Orbital elements of SB. |
HD 209458 |
Saurabh Jha et. al (7 authors) 2000, ApJ 540, L45.
(1aor) Multicolor observations of planet transit,
determination of albedos, density = 0.23 ( ) and
radius = 1.55 ( ) Jupiter units. |
HD 218179 |
Gomez-Forrellad, J.M. 2000, IBVS 4931.
(1af, 2c) New long-period bright EB. |
BD 2167 |
Gomez-Forrellad, J.M. 2000, IBVS 4923.
(1af, 2c, 3bd) New EB in the field of CW Cep. |
BD 348 |
Zacs, L., Schmidt, M.R., Schuster, W.J. 2000,
A&A 358, 1022. (1b, 2ef) Carbon rich star: a binary? |
--------------- |
X-ray sources with constellation names |
Aql X-1 |
2000, IAU Circ. 7405. (7b) |
(V1333 Aql) |
2000, IAU Circ. 7423. (1a) New optical outburst. |
|
2000, IAU Circ. 7429. (1a) Outburst did not develop. |
|
Campana, S. 2000, ApJ 534, L79. (5) Derivation of
magnetic field strength. |
|
Welsh, W.F., Robinson, E.L., Young, P. 2000, AJ 120,
943. (1ai, 2ae) |
Cen X-4 |
Campana, S. et al. (4 authors) 2000, A&A 358, 583.
(1x, 2eg) BeppoSAX observation of NS system. |
Cyg X-1 |
Chen, L. et al. (4 authors) 2000, Acta Ap. Sin. 20,
120. (1x) Power spectral density. |
|
Gilfanov, M., Churazov, E., Revnivtsev, M. 2000,
MNRAS 316, 923. (1bx, 2g) Variability of reflected emission. |
|
Pottschmidt, K. et al. 2000, AG Abstr. Ser. 17, 33.
(1x) RXTE long-term monitoring of BH candidate. |
|
Pottschmidt, K. et al. (6 authors) 2000, A&A 357,
L17. (1x, 2e) Temporal evolution of X-ray lags in BH
candidate. |
Cyg X-2 |
Campana, S. 2000, ApJ 534, L79. (5) Derivation of
magnetic field strength. |
|
Kolb, U. et al. (4 authors) 2000, MNRAS 317, 438.
(2abg, 5) Evolutionary scenarios. |
Cyg X-3 |
2000, IAU Circ. 7393. (1x) Quenched state. |
|
2000, IAU Circ. 7405. (1r) Strong flare. |
|
Predehl, P. et al. (4 authors) 2000, A&A 357, L25.
(1x) Geometrical distance to X-ray binary. |
Her X-1 |
Leahy, D.A. 2000, MNRAS 315, 735. (1abx, 2e) Evidence
for extended emission region from GINGA observations. |
|
Lutovinov, A.A., Grebenev, S.A. et al. (4 authors)
2000, Pis. AZh 26, 803. (1x, 2c) |
|
Scott, D.M., Leahy, D.A., Wilson, R.B. 2000, ApJ 539,
392. (1ax) Evidence for inner disk occultation by NS. |
LMC X-1 |
Wilms, J. et al. 2000, AG Abstr. Ser. 17, 34. (1x)
RXTE monitoring of BH candidate from 1997 to 1999. |
LMC X-2 |
Alcock, C. et al. (26 authors) 2000, MNRAS 316, 729.
(1ao, 2c) Periodic and non-periodic variations from analysis
of MACHO CCD observations. |
LMC X-3 |
2000, IAU Circ. 7424. (1x) rare Extended low/hard state of
BH binary. |
|
2000, IAU Circ. 7425. (1x) Strong variability. |
|
Wilms, J. et al. 2000, AG Abstr. Ser. 17, 34. (1x)
RXTE monitoring of BH candidate from 1997 to 1999. |
--------------- |
Object names including RA and DEC |
AX 0049.4-7323 |
2000, IAU Circ. 7442. (1x) Coherent pulsations from new
source. |
AX J0051.6-7311 |
2000, IAU Circ. 7428. (1x) New or Rosat source with Be
counterpart in SMC. |
|
Yokogawa, J. et al. (4 authors) 2000, PASJ 52, L37.
(1x) A Be/X-ray binary candidate in SMC. |
AX 0057.4-7325 |
2000, IAU Circ. 7441. (1x) Pulsating new source SMC X-2. |
XTE J0111.2-7317 |
Coe, M.J., Haigh, N.J., Reig, P. 2000, MNRAS 314, 290.
(1abio, 3c) Identification of optical/IR counterpart
of Be/X-ray binary in SN remnant. |
|
Yokogawa, J. et al. (6 authors) 2000, ApJ 539, 191.
(1bx) 30.9497 sec period discovered in pulsar/Be X-ray
binary in SMC. |
2S 0114+650 |
Hall, T.A., et al (4 authors) 2000, ApJ 536, 450. (2cx)
Slowest neutron rotator now known, EB, HMXB. |
4U 0115+63 |
2000, IAU Circ. 7487. (1x) Outburst of Be/X-ray pulsar
binary. |
RX J0146.9+6121 |
Reig, P. et al. (6 authors) 2000, MNRAS 317, 205.
(1abiox, 2e) Photometric study based on optical spectroscopic
and IR photometric observations of HMXB. |
PG 0232+035 |
Benedict, G.F. et al. (17 authors) 2000, AJ 119, 2382.
(1e, 2bc) |
X 0512-401 |
Callanan, P.J. et al. (4 authors) 2000, A&A 360, 559.
(1u, 2e) UV detection of a LMXB in NGC 1851? |
A 0535+26 |
Negueruela, I. et al. (4 authors) 2000, A&A 356,
1003. (1box, 2eg) Pulsations from Be/X-ray transient. |
4U 0614+09 |
van Straaten, S. et al. (5 authors) 2000, ApJ 540, 104.
(1x) Relations between timing features and colors. |
EXO 0748-676 |
Homan, J., van der Klis, M. 2000, ApJ 539, 847. (1x)
695 Hz QPOs in LMXB. |
RX J0806.3+1527 |
Reinsch, K. et al. (4 authors) 2000, AG Abstr. Ser.
17, 82. (1b) Peculiar magnetic CV. |
GS 0834-43 |
Israel, G.L. (12 authors) 2000, MNRAS 314, 87.
(1aiox, 2e) Discovery of optical counterpart, H emission and IR excess. |
HS 0907+1902 |
Gänsicke, B.T. et al. (8 authors) 2000, A&A 356,
L79. (1ab, 2aceg, 3bd) New eclipsing dwarf nova. |
|
Thorstensen, J.R. 2000, PASP 112, 1269. (1b, 2ab) |
RX J0909.8+1849 |
Kato, T. et al. (9 authors) 2000, IBVS 4873.
(1af, 2c) |
HS 0922+1333 |
Reimers, D., Hagen, H.-J. 2000, A&A 358, L45.
(1b, 2eg) Low accretion rate polar. |
RX J0925.7-4758 |
Matsumoto, K., Mennickent, R.E. 2000, A&A 356, 579.
(1bo, 2beg) Doppler tomography of emission lines. |
CW 1045+525 |
Tappert, C. et al. (4 authors) 2000, AG Abstr. Ser.
17, 61. (1b) CV without outbursts. |
PG 1114+187 |
Hillwig, T.C., Honeycutt, R.K., Robertson, J.W. 2000,
AJ 120, 1113. (1ab, 2a) Post-common-envelope, pre-cataclysmic. |
XTE J1118+480 |
2000, IAU Circ. 7389. (1x) New galactic source similar to
Cyg X-1. |
|
2000, IAU Circ. 7390. (3c, 1g, 1r) Counterpart in different
bands. |
|
2000, IAU Circ. 7392. (1b) X-ray nova in outburst. |
|
2000, IAU Circ. 7394. (1a) |
|
2000, IAU Circ. 7395. (1r) Emission from optically thick
ejecta. |
|
2000, IAU Circ. 7397. (1a, 3c) Orbital period. |
|
2000, IAU Circ. 7401. (1u) First EUV spectrum of BH X-ray
binary. |
|
2000, IAU Circ. 7407. (1x) Proposed different orbital
period. |
|
2000, IAU Circ. 7412. (1a) Previous period confirmed. |
|
2000, IAU Circ. 7418. (1a) |
|
2000, IAU Circ. 7427. (1u) QPOs. |
|
Dmitrienko, E.S. 2000, AG Abstr. Ser. 17, 36. (1a)
High-speed UBVRI photometry of X-ray transient. |
|
Hynes, R.I. et al. (6 authors) 2000, ApJ 539, L37.
(1a) Multiwavelength observations of low-state minioutburst. |
|
Revnivtsev, M., Sunyaev, R., Borozdin. K. 2000, A&A
361, L37. (1x, 2e) Strong QPO in BH candidate. |
|
Uemura, M. et al. (10 authors) 2000, PASJ 52, L15.
(1a, 3c) Optical counterpart. |
RE J1255+266 |
Wheatley, P.J., Burleigh, M.R., Watson, M.G. 2000,
MNRAS 317, 343. (1ax, 2e) Detection of X-ray emission from
a WD system during short outburst in May 1994. |
PSR B1257+12 |
Wolszczn, I.M. et al. (5 authors) 2000, ApJ 540, L41.
(1r) Possible 25.3 day period pulsar planet. |
1RXH J132519.8-430312 |
Steinle, H., Dennerl, K., Englhauser, J. 2000,
A&A 357, L57. (1x) |
(in Cen A) |
Observations of bright X-ray transient. |
RX J1450.5+6403 |
Vanmunster, T. et al. (5 authors) 2000, IBVS 4940.
(1a) May 2000 outburst. |
XTE J1550-564 |
2000, IAU Circ. 7399. (1x) Renewed activity of BH candidate. |
|
2000, IAU Circ. 7400. (1a, 1g) Outburst. |
X 1624-490 |
Balucinska-Church, M. et al. (4 authors) 2000, A&A
360, 583. (1x, 2ceg) Study of a dipping LMXB. |
4U 1630+47 |
Deiters, S.W. et al. (12 authors) 2000, ApJ 538, 307.
(1x) QPO evolution study of 1998 outburst. |
|
Tomsick, J.A., Kaarat, P. 2000, ApJ 537, 448. (1x)
Study of 1998 outburst. |
GRO J1655-40 |
Hannikainen, D.C. et al. (5 authors) 2000, ApJ 540,
521. (1dr) Hybrid core-lobe model used to explain
polarization. |
|
Kuulkers, E. et al. (10 authors) 2000, A&A 358, 993.
(1x, 2eg) Turmoil on the AD of BH candidate. |
|
Shahbaz, T. et al. (6 authors) 2000, MNRAS 314, 747.
(1ab, 2aeg) Irradiation of the secondary star in X-ray
Nova Sco 1994. |
|
Soria, R., Wu, K., Hunstead, R.W. 2000, ApJ 539, 445.
(1bo) Thin AD model. |
OAO 1657-415 |
Baykal, A. 2000, MNRAS 313, 637. (1ax, 2ag) Short-term
pulse frequency fluctuations of HMXB. |
MXB 1659-29 |
2000, IAU Circ. 7485. (1x) X-ray oscillations in EB. |
WD 1704+481 |
Maxted, P.F.L. et al. (4 authors) 2000, MNRAS 314, 334.
(1b, 2ab) Derivation of orbital and system parameters of
first known triple degenerate star. |
1RXS J171824.2-402934 |
Kaptein, R.G. et al. (6 authors) 2000, A&A 358,
L71. (1x, 2e) X-ray burster from LMXB. |
1E 1724-3045 |
Barret, D., et al (6 authors) 2000, ApJ 533, 329.
(1bx2g) Model for hard X-ray emission. |
4U 1728-34 |
Piraino, S., Santangelo, A., Kaaret, P. 2000, A&A 360,
L35. (1x, 2eg) Iron emission line and QPOs from X-ray
burster. |
KS 1731-260 |
Barret, D. et al (6 authors) 2000, ApJ 533, 329.
(1bx2g) Model for hard X-ray emission. |
SLX 1735-269 |
Barret, D. et al (6 authors) 2000, ApJ 533, 329.
(1bx2g) Model for hard X-ray emission. |
4U 1735-44 |
Cornelisse, R. et al. (5 authors) 2000, A&A 357, L21.
(1x, 2eg) The longest X-ray burst ever observed? |
GRS 1739-278 |
Borozdin, K.N., Trudolyubov, S.P 2000, ApJ 533, L131.
(2bx) 5 Hz QPO. |
GRO J1744-28 |
Woods, P.M. et al. (8 authors) 2000, ApJ 540, 1062.
(1x) Analysis of pulsations before and after bursts. |
EXO 1745-248 |
2000, IAU Circ. 7454. (1x) Reappearance of XR burster in
Terzan 5. |
|
2000, IAU Circ. 7482. (1x) Typical LMXB, no eclipse. |
SAX J1747.0-2853 |
2000, IAU Circ. 7401. (1x) Weakly magnetized NS component. |
SAX J1748.9-2021 |
Verbunt, F. et al. (4 authors) 2000, A&A 359, 960.
(1ox, 3c) Follow-up observations of X-ray transient in
NGC 6440. |
PSR B1757-24 |
Gaensler, B.M., Frail, D.A. 2000, Nature 406, 158.
A large age from the pulsar's proper motion; see also
News & Views (Seiradakis, J.H.), p.138. |
GRS 1758-258 |
Lin, D. et al (9 authors) 2000, ApJ 532, 548. (1bcgrx)
Simultaneous 1997 observations. |
SAX J1808.4-3658 |
Stella, L. et al. (5 authors) 2000, ApJ 537, L115.
(1bx, 2g) Quiescent emission in transient 2.5 ms X-ray pulsar. |
SAX J1810.8-2609 |
Natalucci, L. et al. (7 authors) 2000, ApJ 536, 891.
(1x) Hard x-ray detection indicates expansion of NS in a
LMXB during burst; distance of 5 kpc. |
PSR J1811-1736 |
Mignani, R.P. 2000, A&A 358, L53. (1p, 3d) Search
for optical counterpart of binary pulsar. |
4U 1812-12 |
Cocchi, M. et al. (8 authors) 2000, A&A 357, 527.
(1x, 2eg) Observations of X-ray bursts. |
SAX J1819.3-2525 |
in 't Zand, J.J.M. et al. (10 authors) 2000, A&A
357, 520. (1x, 2eg) LMXB and fast transient. |
4U 1820-30 |
Campana, S. 2000, ApJ 534, L79. (5) Derivation of
magnetic field strength. |
X 1822-371 |
Parmar, A.N. et al. (7 authors) 2000, A&A 356, 175.
(1x, 2ceg) |
|
BeppoSAX observation of LMXB. |
GRS 1826-238 |
Barret, D. et al (6 authors) 2000, ApJ 533, 329.
(1bx2g) Model for hard X-ray emission. |
PSR B1828-11 |
Stairs, I.H., Lyne, A.G., Shemar, S.L. 2000, Nature
406, 480. Evidence for free precession. |
X1832-330 |
Mukai, K., Smale, A.P 2000, ApJ 533, 352. (1bx)
New distance of 9.3 kpc. |
GS 1843+00 |
Piraino, S. et al. (11 authors) 2000, A&A 357, 501.
(1bx, 2eg) BeppoSAX observation of X-ray pulsar. |
RX J1856.5-3754 |
Schilling G. 2000, Science 289, 1856.
NS linked to celestial runaway ( Oph); work by
Walter, F. and Matthews, L.M. (publication forthcoming;
``News of the Week''). |
XTE J1859+226 |
2000, IAU Circ. 7388. (1a, 2a) Possible orbital period. |
|
2000, IAU Circ. 7451. (1a) Quasi-periodic variability. |
|
2000, IAU Circ. 7456. (1x) Higher than expected flux. |
|
2000, IAU Circ. 7463. (1a) Declining brightness. |
|
2000, IAU Circ. 7466. (1a, 2c) New brightening. |
X1908+075 |
Wen, L., Remillard, R.A., Bradt, H.V. 2000, ApJ 532,
1119. (2cx) |
|
Suggest a high-mass companion. |
RX J191059.6+285639 |
Thorstensen, J.R., Haberl, F. 2000, A&A 358, 600.
(1abox, 2ac, 3bd) Newly-discovered CV. |
RX J1914.4+2456 |
Reinsch, K. et al. (4 authors) 2000, AG Abstr. Ser.
17, 82. (1b) Peculiar magnetic CV. |
GRS 1915+105 |
Belloni, T., Migliari, S., Fender, R.P. 2000, A&A 358,
L29. (1x, 2eg) Mass accretion rate in X-ray transient. |
|
Kaiser, C.R., Sunyaev, R., Spruit, H.C. 2000, A&A 356,
975. (5) Internal shock model for microquasars. |
|
Kotani, T. et al. (7 authors) 2000, ApJ 539, 413.
(1abx) Pile-up correction enables precise energy spectral
analysis of superluminal jets. |
|
Manchanda, R.K. 2000, JA&A, 21, 39.
(1x, 2g) BH candidate. |
|
Marti, J. et al. (4 authors) 2000, A&A 356, 943.
(1bi, 2eg) Evidences of a HMXB-type system. |
|
Ogley, R.N. et al. (5 authors) 2000, MNRAS 317, 158.
(1ar, 2e) Detection of BH X-ray binary at sub-millimeter
wavelengths. |
4U 1915-05 |
Boirin, L. et al. (5 authors) 2000, A&A 361, 121.
(1x, 2e) QPOs in LMXB. |
WD 1953-011 |
Maxted, P.F.L. et al. (4 authors) 2000, MNRAS 315,
L41. (1b, 2a) Magnetic field structure from H spectra. |
1WGA J1958.2+3232 |
Uslenghi, M. et al. (5 authors) 2000, A&A 359, 639.
(1a, 2e, 3cd) A new IP. |
XTE J2012+381 |
Naik, S. et al. (6 authors) 2000, JA&A 21,
29. (1x, 2g) Outbursts. |
RX J2115-5840 |
Ramsay, G. et al. (5 authors) 2000, MNRAS 316, 225.
(1dox, 2ag) Optical polarimetry and X-ray data of polar. |
XTE J2123-058 |
Zurita, C. et al. (9 authors) 2000, MNRAS 316, 137.
(1ao, 2ab) Photometric study and modelling. |
X 2127+119 |
Sidoli, L., Parmar, A.N., Oosterbroek, T. 2000,
A&A 360, 520. (1bx, 2eg) BeppoSAX spectroscopy of LMXB in
NGC 7078. |
RX J2157.5 +0855 |
Tovmassian, G.H. et al. (8 authors) 2000, ApJ 537,
927. (1abox) Identification and study of a new AM Her
system. |
4U 2206+54 |
2000, IAU Circ. 7446. (1x, 7b) Revised LC. |
SAX J2239.3+6116 |
in 't Zand, J.J.M. et al. (7 authors) 2000, A&A 361,
85. (1ox, 2ce, 3cd) Identification of transient source
as a Be/X-ray binary. |
1E 2259+58.6 |
Hulleman, F. et al. (4 authors) 2000, A&A 358, 605.
(1ao, 2g) Isolated NS or low-mass binary? |
--------------- |
Galactic objects with other designations |
CS 22873-139 |
Spite, M. et al. (7 authors) 2000, A&A 360, 1077.
(1b, 2aef) Abundance ratios in metal-poor SB. |
G29-38 |
Vuille, F. 2000, MNRAS 313, 170. (1ao, 2b) Evolution
of temporal spectrum. |
|
Vuille, F. 2000, MNRAS 313, 179. (1ao, 2b) Analysis
of phase spectrum. |
|
Vuille, F., Brassard, P. 2000, MNRAS 313, 185.
(1ao, 2c, 5) Study of non-linear behavior of period
spectrum. |
GSC 1342.1261 |
Carroll, D.D., Hintz, E.G. 2000, IBVS 4928.
(1af, 3bd) New EB in the field of QS Gem. |
GSC 1887.1240 |
Han, J.Y. et al. (5 authors) 2000, IBVS 4908.
(1af, 2c, 3bd) New EB. |
GSC 3822.1056 |
Biro, I.B. 2000, IBVS 4929. (1a, 2c) New EB. |
GSC 4741.1263 |
Garrigos-Sanches, A. et al. (5 authors) 2000, IBVS 4885.
(1a, 2c, 3b) New EB. |
GSC 4847.1513 |
Hager, T., Guilbault, P. 2000, IBVS 4930.
(1af, 2c, 3b) New EB. |
GSC 5178.1376 |
Dvorak, S.W. 2000, IBVS 4945. (1af, 2c, 3b)
New W UMa EB. |
GX 3+1 |
Kuulkers, E., van der Klis, M. 2000, A&A 356, L45.
(1x, 2eg) Radius-expansion burst from LMXB. |
GX 5-1 |
Jonker, P.G. et al. (4 authors) 2000, MNRAS 315, L57.
(1aei, 2c, 3cd) IR emission from galactic Z source. |
GX 339-4 |
Corbel, S. et al. (7 authors) 2000, A&A 359, 251.
(1rx, 2eg) Coupling of X-ray and radio emission in BH
candidate. |
GX 340+0 |
Jonker, P.G. et al. (9 authors) 2000, ApJ 537, 374.
(1x) Power spectral properties of Z-source. |
IRS 13E |
Coker, R.F., Pittard, J.M. 2000, A&A 361, L13. (5)
X-ray binary model for a Galactic Center source. |
LD 345 |
Guilbault, P.R. et al. (7 authors) 2000, IBVS 4926.
(1af) |
LSI +61 |
Reig, P. et al. (6 authors) 2000, MNRAS 317, 205.
(1bix, 2e) Photometric study based on optical spectroscopic
and IR photometric observations. |
LSI +61 |
Apparao, K.M.V. 2000, A&A 356, 972. (2e)
Modelling a Be binary. |
|
Liu, Q.Z. et al. (5 authors) 2000, A&A 359, 646
(1b, 2e) Long-term observations of Be/X-ray binary. |
NSV 223 |
Verrot, J.P., Van Cauteren, P. 2000, IBVS 4910.
(1af, 2c, 3b) New EB. |
NSV 01754 |
Garrigos-Sanches, A., Vidal-Sainz, J. 2000, IBVS 4886.
(1a, 2c, 3b) New EB. |
TMR-1 |
Petr, M.G. 2000, AG Abstr. Ser. 17, 50. (1bi) VLT
IR observations of possible planet of protobinary TMR-1. |
USNO 1575.03003814 |
Robb, R.M. et al. (5 authors) 2000, IBVS 4914.
(1af, 2c, 3bd) New EB. |
WR 137 |
Harries, T.J., Babler, B.L., Fox, G.K. 2000, A&A 361,
273. (1d, 2e) |
|
A dust producing WR+O binary. |
WR 146 |
Dougherty, S.M., Williams, P.M., Pollacco, D.L. 2000,
MNRAS 316, 143. (1bor, 2e) Radio emission and colliding
winds. |
|
Setia Gunawan, D.Y.A. et al. (4 authors) 2000, A&A
356, 676. (1r, 2e) Evidence for a third component. |
--------------- |
Extragalactic variables, SN, X-ray sources |
1RXH J132519.8-430312 |
Steinle, H., Dennerl, K., Englhauser, J. 2000,
A&A 357, L57. (1x) |
(in Cen A) |
Observations of bright X-ray transient. |
HD 5980 (in SMC) |
Breysacher, J., Francois, P. 2000, A&A 361, 231.
(1b, 2e) RVs and spectroscopic variations. |
HV 2543 (in LMC) |
Ostrov, P.G., Lapasset, E., Morrell, N.I. 2000, A&A
356, 935. (1a, 2abc, 3d) Masses and radii of massive EB. |
LMC X-1 |
Wilms, J. et al. 2000, AG Abstr. Ser. 17, 34. (1x)
RXTE monitoring of BH candidate from 1997 to 1999. |
LMC X-2 |
Alcock, C. et al. (26 authors) 2000, MNRAS 316, 729.
(1ao, 2c) Periodic and non-periodic variations from analysis
of MACHO CCD observations. |
LMC X-3 |
2000, IAU Circ. 7424. (1x) rare Extended low/hard state of
BH binary. |
|
2000, IAU Circ. 7425. (1x) Strong variability. |
|
Wilms, J. et al. 2000, AG Abstr. Ser. 17, 34. (1x)
RXTE monitoring of BH candidate from 1997 to 1999. |
Nova in LMC |
2000, IAU Circ. 7453. (1p, 3b) |
|
2000, IAU Circ. 7457. (1b,1p) FeII Nova. |
|
2000, IAU Circ. 7458. (1a) |
|
2000, IAU Circ. 7486. (1b) HST-STIS observations. |
Novae in M31 |
2000, IAU Circ. 7477. (1a, 3b) |
Nova in NGC 185 |
2000, IAU Circ. 7458. (1a, 3b) |
Nova in NGC 3432 |
2000, IAU Circ. 7415. (1a, 3b) |
|
2000, IAU Circ. 7417. (1b) |
|
2000, IAU Circ. 7419. (1a) Pre-discovery magnitude. |